# 📌 Reconstitution of Botulinum Toxin with Normal Saline
## 1. General Principles
- Botulinum toxin type A is supplied as a **lyophilized powder** (commonly 50U or 100U vials).
- It must be **reconstituted with preservative-free 0.9% sodium chloride (normal saline)** before injection.
- Dilution determines **concentration, diffusion, and spread**. For **Skin Botox (Microbotox)**, we deliberately use a **more dilute solution** than conventional Botox to allow wide intradermal distribution.
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## 2. Standard Dilution Ratios
- **Conventional Botox (muscle use)**:
- 100U vial + 2.5 mL saline → 4 U per 0.1 mL
- 100U vial + 2.0 mL saline → 5 U per 0.1 mL
- **Skin Botox (Microbotox)**:
- 100U vial + 5.0 mL saline → 2 U per 0.1 mL
- 100U vial + 10.0 mL saline → 1 U per 0.1 mL
- Some protocols extend to **100U + 20 mL saline** for ultra-dilute “skin wash” style injection.
👉 Rule of thumb:
- **Higher dilution → wider spread, softer effect** (best for pores, oiliness, glow).
- **Lower dilution → more focal, stronger effect** (closer to traditional Botox).
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## 3. Step-by-Step Reconstitution
1. Use a **sterile 5 mL or 10 mL syringe** prefilled with preservative-free normal saline.
2. Insert the needle into the vial and **slowly inject saline down the side wall** (not directly onto the powder, to avoid foaming and denaturation).
3. **Do not shake**. Instead, gently **swirl or roll** the vial until fully dissolved.
4. Withdraw the required volume into insulin syringes or a multi-needle injector for use.
5. Store at **2–8°C**, ideally use within 24 hours (although some studies suggest stability up to 2 weeks if refrigerated).
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## 4. Example Protocols for Skin Botox
- **Face full-field rejuvenation**:
- 100U Botox + 5 mL saline → 2U/0.1mL
- Inject 0.02 mL per site -> 0.4U per site
- 100 points -> total 40U
- 인슐린 주사 1개 = 1 mL = 20U = 50 points 가능(0.4U per site)
- Inject ~30–50 points at 0.01–0.02 mL per site → total 30–50U
- **Oily T-zone**:
- 100U + 10 mL saline → 1U/0.1 mL
- Microinjections across forehead/nose/cheeks
- **Neck lines / Décolleté**:
- 100U + 5–6 mL saline
- Multiple intradermal blebs along horizontal lines
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## 5. Advanced Variations
- Some dermatologists **mix saline with small amounts of HA (skin booster), PDRN, exosomes** → “Hybrid Microbotox.”
- In such cases, dilution ratios are adjusted so that the **toxin concentration remains 0.5–2U per 0.1 mL** while delivering regenerative factors simultaneously.
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✅ **Key Takeaway**:
For Skin Botox, always aim for **ultra-dilute solutions (1–2U per 0.1mL)**, prepared by reconstituting 100U of botulinum toxin with 5–10 mL of preservative-free saline, injected in **tiny aliquots (0.01–0.02 mL)** across the treatment area.
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